), Prior to the last ice age, the River Thames followed a more northerly route to the North Sea, from Reading via Marlow, Chorleywood, St Albans, Hertford and along the present SuffolkEssex border. Generally considered an easy route, it takes an average of 4 h 51 min to complete. [21], At Leatherhead, the Mole leaves the chalk and turns northwestwards to flow across impermeable London Clay, winding towards Cobham. Mole (Horley to Hersham) is 60.133 km long and is not designated artificial or heavily modified. However the river's name is unlikely to have derived from this behaviour: The Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names suggests that Mole either comes from the Latin mola (a mill) or is a back-formation from Molesey (Mul's island). The gauging station south of Gatwick Airport was installed in 2005, replacing an earlier station located 200m (220yd) downstream. Early in World War II, Barnes Wallis and several hundred staff were evacuated to Burhill Golf Club from the nearby Vickers-Armstrongs aircraft factory at Brooklands and designed the legendary Dambusters 'bouncing bomb' there. It was used to process corn, brass wire, iron, paper, linoleum, and books. For the river in Devon, see, River Ember Flood Relief Channel and confluence with the Thames. [86][87][88] An anti-tank ditch was dug from the Stepping Stones eastwards across the fields belonging to Bradley Farm (now Denbies vineyard). The most recent mill was demolished in 1959, although the mill house still stands. A similar trench is runs up several of the Mole's tributaries, notably along Deanoak Brook which follows a local strike. Sun times, moon times, lunar phase, weather. [4], Hersham's first chapel of ease (Holy Trinity church, which was demolished in 1889 having been superseded) was built of yellow brick in Anglo-Norman style in 1839. [44], Molesey Heath Local Nature Reserve lies on the west bank of the Mole, west of the Island Barn Reservoir. Robinsway, Hersham is 634 meters away, 9 min walk. In 2003, the upper River Mole near Meath Green Lane, Horley, was enhanced to create a gravel spawning area to encourage chub and dace in addition to roach. [12] There is only one aquifer in the drainage basin, at Fetcham, which means that the majority of the water in the river is from surface drainage, particularly from Gatwick Airport and the urban areas of Horley and Crawley, and that the flow rate responds rapidly to rainfall.[1]. [73] Remains of a flat-bottomed dug-out canoe were found at the confluence of the Mole and Thames in 1877 by a local boatman. John Milton (c. 15621647) described the river as, In a similar vein, Alexander Pope (16881744) wrote in his poem Windsor Forest (first published 1713). [65] Remains of a further gravel terrace, containing cherts and flints to a depth of 4m (13ft), line the east side of St George's Hill. Music is "Oxygen Garden" and "Out of the. a huge defensive earthwork was erected on top of St George's Hill (ecclesiastically in . The school holds specialist Business and Enterprise College status, and boasts an impressive drama programme. [17] The mean flow measured at Horley gauging station (52m[171ft] above OD) is 1.40m3/s (49cuft/s). The River Mole rises in West Sussex near Gatwick Airport and flows north-west through Surrey for 50 miles. It then swings east and joins the Thames between East . [note 1] The mean flow is 0.33m3/s (12cuft/s) and the river ran dry at this point for the first time in the summer of 1995. When Henry VIII built Nonsuch Palace in Cheam as many as eighty loads of timber were obtained from Southwood, or the South Woods, for it. [6] From the source to Dorking, the river drains an area of 340km2 (130sqmi), of which approximately 60% is on Wealden or Atherfield Clay, 20% is on Tunbridge Wells Sand and 20% is on greensand. Hersham is a charming little station in Surrey, with views over fields, the River Mole and a local golf course. The river flows initially southwards for 1 km (0.6 mi) to a small lake at Baldhorns Park, before running eastwards through a largely rural area towards Crawley. Concrete anti-tank dragon's teeth were built on both sides of the river, a short distance upstream of the bridge, as an obstacle to armoured vehicles.[89]. [74], The Mole Gap and North Downs do not appear to have been settled until the late Stone Age: A large axe, typical of a "rough-out" axe produced during the Neolithic period, which was discovered in 1952 during building work in Westhumble,[75] A flint mine of the same period has been discovered at East Horsley along with Neolithic flakes of flint at Fetcham and Headley Heath. During the Second World War several sites along the course of the Mole were fortified for the defence of London against invasion from the south. The River Mole originally flowed into the River Thames at the point where the present Hampton Court bridge now crosses the Thames (approximately 500 m upstream of the present confluence, on the reach above Teddington Lock). [28], Standard water quality of Mole and its tributaries has improved markedly since the 1990s. Cp-o{ kh/smY$Q$ ;^/%wh xHeZ?!Lku'Foki7# Dc|zNgnQ/I|G7#-[;Xeet?wi0v\v^S}"5K%zx MO9z5N.w?m?yuWFG (mVg! The medieval bridge was rebuilt by Gwilt in 1786, but was washed away during the September 1968 floods. Initially the surveyors tried to fill the holes with rubble to prevent the foundations of the new road subsiding. The 1st XV play in a black-amber strip. The bridge has a 15m (49ft) span with mass concrete abutments and a pre-stressed concrete deck. Mole Valley - Walking London's Waterways Home Mole Valley This walk was rather different in that it didn't follow an existing long distance path. Mole (Horley to Hersham) is a river in Surrey. Places within Hersham therefore technically include part of Saint George's Hill, all of Burwood Park and Whiteley Village. In response to heavy flooding of East Molesey and Thames Ditton in September 1968, the river was modified downstream of Albany Bridge to the Thames and new flood defences were constructed. Today the Mole is navigable for the 400m (440yd) from the confluence with the River Thames to Molember Weir at East Molesey where there is a private mooring facility. [citation needed]. The Mummy was filmed in Hersham. [8] In John Speed's 1611 map of Surrey this stretch of the river is denoted by a series of hills accompanied by the legend "The river runneth under". [91] In Defoe's time, there was a footbridge at this point, but carts and waggons had to cross the river by a ford. The Stepping Stones Use our species pages to find the fisheries that suit you. According to Hersham in Surrey:. It was restored to full working order by the Cobham Mill Preservation Trust, and is now open to the public from 2pm to 5pm on the second Sunday of each month (between April and October). Water is therefore able to flow out of the river through swallow holes in the bed and banks, decreasing the volume of water carried in the main channel. ?Pp9sJA_s^quN9&tx\R8Mx5s_u`:{,;.$0c )]}6>w~ByK_~_ Vj>&5HSQvPu|w_?~M6 /q$|;3Lq8SqN)?=LHI}sAZ]uesS6z3E i!+=yj}1z%H#4H:M[Wj\#\gDG/`ujzpa:yO(K+:3`~~j?u{?-@%qExtKste_/EX:n[xv[?8w{~fo?2,W`)_(rF z~~6VGS8_];qssWSn_n*,o lDu>>X\$=vlP[~gCLp? The Mole descends 15m[49ft] in the 10km[6mi] stretch between Brockham and Leatherhead, compared to 3m[9.8ft] in 19km[12mi] between Horley and Brockham. The bedrock is permeable chalk and the water table lies permanently below the level of the riverbed, allowing water to drain out of the river through swallow holes in the bed and banks. We produce, brand and supply for some of the biggest names in the industry. Not all of the water removed from the river by the swallow holes is returned to the channel at Leatherhead. The site is a rich habitat for birds including the redshank and little ringed plover. About 90% of the energy generated is fed into the regional electricity grid, while the remainder is used to supply the Betchworth Park Estate, where the weir is situated. Four technology/trading estates exist in Hersham: A major nearby conjoined set of trading estates spans the Weybridge/Byfleet border at Brooklands and Heathrow Airport also has a range of employers, though this is across Walton-on-Thames itself and the borough of Spelthorne. [83] In 1810 the engineer John Rennie proposed a canal linking the River Medway to Portsmouth which was to have a branch to London following the Mole for much of its length. Acclaimed Astrologer", "They've been kept hangin' on for the X Factor live shows! %PDF-1.3 Hersham also has three primary schools Burhill, became primary in 2015, Bell Farm, became primary in 2014 and Cardinal Newman. Very little angling is available in this area as the local lakes are closed to fishing and the River Mole is controlled by the local authority who do not permit fishing on their land. a huge defensive earthwork was erected on top of St George's Hill (ecclesiastically in Hersham, but in Weybridge post town), probably as a refuge camp against invaders coming up the Thames Valley. The beautiful demoiselle (Calopteryx virgo) disappeared from the River Mole during the 1960s owing to deteriorating water quality, but has since recolonised. It was used for fulling woollen cloth and milling corn. [32] In May 2003, sewage leaking from a pump operated by Thames Water leaked into the Stanford Brook, killing coarse fish in the Gatwick stream. [11], Castle Mill at Pixham is a Grade II listed building. During the Middle Pleistocene period,[note 6] a large ice sheet built up across much of the East of England, reaching as far south as St Albans and Chelmsford, blocking the path of the proto-Thames. It is home to Sandown Park Racecourse. The first gauging station on the Mole is south of Gatwick Airport (57m[187ft] above OD). Mole (Horley to Hersham) is 60.133 km long The geology of the local area is complex, since the river leaves the chalk of the Mole Gap at this point and flows over gravel and clay, creating a patchwork of different habitats including scrub, woodland, hedges, banks, and meadows as well as the water itself. Within a few minutes walk of the village centre in the east are green fields and meadows alongside the River Mole and footpaths both through and by fields used for mixed farming. The Beaches sections of the Shoreline Trail consists of the construction of a multi-use pathway in the Town of Evans and Town of Brant. There have been further alterations to the courses of these two rivers in a major flood prevention scheme since serious flooding in the area in 1947 and 1968. [45], The Mole rises south of Rusper in West Sussex, where an outcrop of the Hastings Beds sandstone dips below the impermeable Weald Clay. [wa=}k KT10 9RA. [55] When the Dorking to Leatherhead railway was constructed in 1859, a fossilised swallow hole was discovered in the cutting at the south end of Box Hill & Westhumble railway station, suggesting that even in its early history, the river had swallow holes.[53]. The river also provides a corridor for wildlife through the centre of Leatherhead. Hersham is served by Hersham and Walton-on-Thames railway stations with a minimum of two trains per hour and differing types of services on the South West Main Line. Own label and private label building productsWe produce, brand and supply for some of the biggest names in the industry. The course of the river through Norbury Park was partially straightened when the Epsom to Horsham railway was built in 1837, with the removal of a small meander north of Westhumble. [15][16], The Mole enters Surrey to the south of Horley, where it meets the Gatwick Stream, a tributary draining Worth Forest to the southeast of Crawley. Information about angling in Esher, covering fishing venues, tackle shops, supermarkets, and local weather. Get flood warnings by phone, text or email. Mole (Horley to Hersham) takes in water from an area around 151.017 km2 in size and is part of the Mole Lower and Rythe catchment area. The main shopping area of the town is around the High Street where the A307 meets the A244. In more recent times the punk group Sham 69 with lead singer Jimmy Pursey, had its roots in Hersham. Turn left, signposted Hersham and follow this almost to the gates of a caravan site. We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. It then swings east and joins the Thames between East Molesey and Thames Ditton at Albany Reach and Cigarette . The River Mole is a tributary of the River Thames in southern England. Very little angling is available in this area as the local lakes are closed to fishing and the River Mole is controlled by the local authority who do not permit fishing on their land. The entirety of the Mole Gap lies within the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. [20] The meander was reinstated in 1997, in an attempt to enhance this area of the Park, although it has since become blocked by silt. In addition Google Analytics, Google Search Console, and Bing also collects the data of visitors including device used and links clicked; other third party applications also collect this sort of data. beta Early to mid-19th-century brick bridge with two semi-circular arches and one elliptical arch. However, the road remained open and the site was clear of parked vehicles by mid-morning. [40][41] The Mole is one of only three locations in England where the river shingle beetle (Meotica anglica) is found. During the following year (1664), an act was passed by both Houses of Parliament to make the River Mole navigable from Reigate to the River Thames, but was never executed. [2], Between Cobham and Esher, the Mole's historic courses have deposited gravel on top of the London Clay. River Mole in Surrey. Either take a right at the rivers' edge and follow the riverside path (you can cross the river at the bridge a little further along), or cross the Stepping Stones and follow the path running parallel to the river on the other side. The 18th-century weir at Betchworth was modified in 2004 to facilitate the installation of two 27.5kW low-head hydro turbines. Plant species typical of ancient woodland are found in this area, including bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scriptus), marsh marigolds (Caltha palustris) and golden saxifrages (Chrysosplenium sp.). [1] At the confluence of the Mole and the River Thames at Hampton Court Palace it is possible to catch a wide variety of coarse fish species. The largest STW in the Mole catchment (Reigate STW) discharges up to 118,500m3 (4,180,000cuft) per day into the Earlswood Brook. yes that is it olly had a walk round the pond as well did find some intense feeding going on in one corner very few fishing it in fact the third person . [133], Esher Mill also known as Royal Mill was at the end of Mill Road in Lower Green, where there is now an industrial estate. An epic 9 hour paddle/tree climb/portage-fest, down the River Mole from Fetcham to Hersham with friends from London. It also takes in all six ponds of this part of Esher Common, some hidden deep in the woods. [26] The two rivers flow either side of the reservoir, before running side by side in a northeasterly direction, merging 400m (440yd) before the confluence with the River Thames, on the reach above Teddington Lock. The canoe is preserved at the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford. [76], Significant Bronze Age finds include a bronze sword found close to the river north of Amberley Farm near Charlwood[77] and a small hoard of weaponry consisting of two palstave axes and a scabbard chape was discovered in 2003 in Norbury Park close to Ham Bank. The walk begins beside the Prince of Wales Pond, grid ref 129639, postcode Mention of a court held at Hersham in 1272 by Reginald de Imworth and Matilda his wife, may indicate that he was then lord of the manor. River Mole at Stoke D'Abernon, Cobham and South Hersham flood warning area. [61], At Leatherhead the river leaves the chalk bedrock, moving onto London Clay. The woodland, river and ponds are attractive at any time of the year. There were a series of fires over a century and after the last in 1978 the buildings were demolished. [11], Five of the mills mentioned in Domesday Book were in the borough of Elmbridge.[10]. Find a river, sea, groundwater or rainfall level in this area, Telephone: 0345 988 1188Textphone: 0345 602 6340Open 24 hours a day, 7 days a weekFind out more about call charges. [4], This private retirement village, which allocates some of its accommodation to disabled poor residents, is set in a lightly undulating, elevated, wooded part of Hersham and was created from a bequest of 1m left by a London department store pioneer William Whiteley.[6]. As always you can unsubscribe at any time. [36], The Mole catchment area includes twelve Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) that include wetland habitats,[6] The Mole Gap forms part of a Special Area of Conservation and is an SSSI of European importance. Get more Esher news from SurreyLive straight to your inbox for free here. [36], The River Mole has the most diverse fish population of any river in England. It has been suggested that a proportion of the excess water originates from the Mole Gap. stream [1] The next major tributary, The Rye, (which drains Ashtead) joins to the north of Leatherhead, before the river is crossed by the M25 motorway. The Anglo-Saxons may well have been the first permanent settlers here; they gave the name to the place and no older remains of actual dwellings in areas not mentioned above have been found. It is home to Sandown Park Racecourse. Google Adsense runs on our website; your personal data will be used for personalisation of ads and cookies may be used for personalised and non-personalised advertising. Something went wrong, please try again later. [13] The first tributaries to join the young river drain the northernmost part of St Leonard's Forest, between Horsham and Crawley, although much of the forest is in the catchment area of the River Arun. Location. Above Meath Green (near Horley), the terrace corresponds to the flood plain of the river, however from this point downstream to Brockham, the river cuts a narrow trench no more than 150m (160yd) wide. Mesolithic sites at Wonham, Flanchford and Sidlow. 0.7km (0.4mi) south of Sidlow the mean flow is measured as 2.21m3/s (78cuft/s) at Kinnersley Manor gauging station (48m[157ft] above OD). The walk begins beside the Prince of Wales Pond, grid ref 129639, postcode It was occupied by pre-historic folk whose flint instruments have been found in large numbers beside the River on Southwood Manor Farm.These date mostly from the mesolithic period. quickly develops into a wild ramble along the River Mole and then over beech- and pine-clad hills. Fast trains stopping at Walton-on-Thames reach London Waterloo within 30 minutes. This article is about the village in Surrey. Get flood warnings by phone, text or email. A flood warning means flooding to some property is expected. Barker, J L & D M (1996) 'Hark Back to Hersham' (self-published); Greenwood, George (1986, 3rd Edition Revised) 'Hersham in Surrey' (Elmbridge Museum Service); Pulford, J S L (1988) 'The Church of St Peter Hersham - Monumental Inscriptions' (Walton & Weybridge Local History Society, Paper No. The manor remained in the possession of the Crown, and was granted by Philip II of Spain and Mary I of England to David Vincent. Gun mounts were also installed to protect both Boxhill and Deepdene bridges and several pillboxes were installed. [25] Finally the Mole splits into two branches at the Island Barn Reservoir near Molesey: the northern (and smaller) branch continues as the River Mole and the southern branch is known as the River Ember. [40] The white-legged damselfly (Platycnemis pennipes) is also found along the river, and the downy emerald (Cordulia aenea) is found between Box Hill and Leatherhead. Leaving Dorking, the River Mole skirts the south west of Leatherhead and then Cobham, before heading north between Hersham and Esher. ", "Manchester United's Luke Shaw signs new contract at Old Trafford until 2023", Parakeet population booming in borough Molesey News & Mail, 7 July 2004, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hersham&oldid=1134823525. [note 2], From Sidlow the Mole turns north west towards Brockham. [96] The bridge was renovated and strengthened in 1999 by a group of Canadian engineers working on the Terra Nove project. [6], The stretch of river between Thorncroft Manor (1km[0.6mi] south of Leatherhead) and River Lane in Fetcham has been designated a Local Nature Reserve. The path runs between high wire fences. [1] The river gives its name to the Surrey district of Mole Valley. [9] In John Rocque's 1768 map of Surrey, the name Moulsey River is used. large bittercress (Cardamine amara) and the non-native Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera). A mean flow of 3.74m3/s (132cuft/s) is measured at a fourth gauging station, located at Castle Mill (39m[128ft] above OD). This area of the County has a wealth of natural, recreational and scenic . Hersham is also home to Britain's largest colony of parakeets near Esher Rugby Club. We use some essential cookies to make this service work. Esher RFC is a multi-pitch rugby union club in Hersham since approximately 1939 (see notes). This forum belongs to the other rivers. The river passes under the airport in a 425m (465yd) long concrete culvert with 50cm (20in) thick walls and roof. Somewhere around 200 B.C. It then flows into the River Thames at Hampton Court.
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